Baroque Orchestra Horn
after J. W. Haas
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picture for a larger view.
This instrument, based on an original by the Nürnberg maker J.W. Haas
(early 18th century) is appropriate for orchestral and chamber music of
the first half of the 18th century. It plays well either with the hand in
the bell using handstopping technique, or without the hand in the bell
(using ventholes).
The pitch level of the baroque horn is
generally A=415, although A=440 crooks can be made on request. The horn is
normally made with an F crook and three couplers, (half step, whole step,
and minor third) which will lower the instrument to E, E flat and D, but
can also be made with a G crook and three couplers, for F, E flat and
D.
Ventholes can be added to the body of the horn for correcting the
intonation of the 11th and 13th partials when playing with the hand out of
the bell. The technique of using nodal venting on baroque brass
instruments is not an authentic 18th century practice, and there are no
surviving instruments from the baroque period with ventholes, but this
technique is now often used as a compromise to make it possible to play
well in tune without the hand in the bell. (For a detailed discussion of
nodal venting on the baroque horn, see this
article.)
The baroque horn is tuned by means of tuning spacers that can be
inserted between crooks, or in the mouthpipe inlet. A set of mouthpipe and
crook spacers are included with the instrument, including one long enough
to allow the horn to be played without the hand in the bell. The bell
diameter is 24cm, and the bore through the cylindrical sections is
.440".